I think all insurance based health care has been ruined by greed. Years ago i was the treasurer of a small emergency medicine group. We would have discussions like, "Did you know we can bill for a pulse-oximetry reading if we document a full interpretation?" "Wow, we get one on every patient, that could be a lot of money." "Yea, but we aren't going to bill some 20 year old with a broken ankle for a pulse oximetry reading." etc,etc.
Now, they are charging women for skin contact time with newborns. I'm not saying that there were not greedy docs in the past, but once those decisions got passed to health care administrators, the money went from one of the considerations to the only thing of importance.
As far as your second question, yes, they do put out a chargemaster with inflated prices. I do not believe (not sure) that they can deduct payment under those as a tax expense. But, they do charge some cash pay the full chargemaster price if they think they can get away with it. Also, insurance rates are negotiated off the chargemaster. Insurance is now in a strange game of wanting lower prices at times, but also wanting higher prices at other times. Because, Obamacare made insurance co payout 80% of revenue as health care costs. So, to grow profits, they have to pay out more (to make the 20% bigger, the 80% has to be bigger). But, if they are near that 80% payout, they don't want to pay anything at all.